Ondokuz Mayıs University (OMU) Faculty Member and Ornithology Research Center official, Associate Professor Dr. Kiraz Erciyas Yavuz, emphasized that the loss and degradation of insect populations in breeding areas and along bird migration routes threaten the survival and well-being of birds.
In a written statement, Dr. Yavuz pointed out that the theme of this year’s World Migratory Bird Day is the decline of insects, which are a critical food source for migratory birds.
Dr. Yavuz highlighted the increasing calls for more action to protect declining insect populations, stating:
"Insects are vital energy sources for many bird species during their breeding season and migrations. They significantly influence bird migrations' timing, duration, and overall success. In recent years, insect populations have drastically declined due to habitat destruction linked to pesticide use, agricultural intensification, and urbanization. Climate change and biological invasions have also contributed to insect mortality through hunger, disease, or predation."
Dr. Yavuz noted that birds actively search for insects in various habitats, such as fields, forests, wetlands, and other stopover sites along their migration routes:
"The timing of bird migration often coincides with the peak abundance of insects at stopover sites, allowing birds to replenish their energy reserves before continuing their journey. The loss and degradation of insect populations in breeding areas and along migration routes threaten the survival and well-being of birds. The transformation or endangerment of natural areas like forests and grasslands due to intensive agriculture, urban development, and factors like light pollution can lead to the decline of insect populations."
Dr. Yavuz explained that the chemicals used in agriculture harm the insects that birds rely on for food, stating:
"The scarcity of energy- and protein-rich insects can hinder bird migration and breeding, weakening their immune systems, reducing their reproductive success, and increasing mortality rates among both adult birds and their offspring. On World Migratory Bird Day, while celebrating these birds' beauty and ecological importance, we must also recognize our responsibility to protect them. It is crucial that we implement and support measures that protect these birds along their migration routes. By raising awareness and advocating for changes in practices and conservation actions, we can help safeguard migratory birds. Since their survival is intertwined with our ecological health and biodiversity, their protection should be an urgent priority for everyone who shares this planet with them. Together, we can make a difference in the lives of migratory birds."
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